Black Americans are more likely than whites to get too little sleep and this disparity is greatest among people in professional occupations, a new study shows.
Lack of sleep has been linked with increased risk of health problems, such as obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, and even death.
For the study, researchers analyzed data collected from nearly 137,000 American adults between 2004 and 2011, and found that 30 percent of them were short sleepers (getting less than seven hours of sleep a night), 31 percent were optimal sleepers (getting about seven hours of sleep a night), and 39 percent were long sleepers (getting more than seven hours of sleep a night).
Further analysis revealed that 37 percent of black participants were short sleepers, compared with 28 percent of white participants. Among people in professional or management positions, blacks were much more likely than whites to be short sleepers (42 percent versus 26 percent), according to the Harvard School of Public Health researchers.
Blacks working in support services or as laborers were also more likely than whites to be short sleepers, 37 percent versus 26 percent and 35 percent versus 32 percent, respectively. The only job sectors in which blacks and whites had similar rates of short sleep were the retail and food industries.
The findings were published online Sept. 9 in the American Journal of Epidemiology.
“With increasing numbers of blacks entering professional and management roles in numerous industries, it is important to investigate and address the social factors contributing to the short sleep disparities in blacks compared with whites in general, and particularly in professional settings,” study author Chandra Jackson, a postdoctoral research fellow in the department of nutrition, said in a Harvard news release.
Possible sleep-disrupting factors that affect blacks more than whites include: job stress; workplace discrimination or harassment that can increase job stress; limited control over job demands or prestige; long work hours; stress at home; and limited access to professional and social networks that provide emotional or financial support.
Another source of lack of sleep can be certain health conditions, particularly if they are undiagnosed or untreated, including restless legs syndrome, digestive disorders, mental health issues, etc.
In addition, blacks are more likely than whites to do shift work and are also more likely to live in city neighborhoods with high noise levels at night, the researchers noted.
And, the study authors pointed out, it’s also possible that a high work ethic among blacks — a strong desire to succeed against all odds — could lead to stress, disrupted sleep and harmful health effects.
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